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1.2.6 Part of Speech Tagging

Some sub-corpora have been annotated with Part Of Speech annotations.

French

The whole French corpus has been annotated with MElt (Modified French TreeBank) using the tag set CC Tagset. Available annotations are "mftb_pos" (for part of speech) and "mftb_lem" (for the lemma). The following tags are used:

• ADJ adjective
• ADJWH interrogative adjective
• ADV adverb
• ADVWH interrogative adverb
• CC coordination conjunction
• CLO object clitic pronoun
• CLR reflexive clitic pronoun
• CLS subject clitic pronoun
• CS subordination conjunction
• DET determiner
• DETWH interrogative determiner
• ET foreign word
• I interjection
• NC common noun
• NPP proper noun
• P preposition
• P+D preposition+determiner amalgam
• P+PRO prepositon+pronoun amalgam
• PONCT punctuation mark
• PREF prefix
• PRO full pronoun
• PROREL relative pronoun
• PROWH interrogative pronoun
• V indicative or conditional verb form
• VIMP imperative verb form
• VINF infinitive verb form
• VPP past participle
• VPR present participle
• VS subjunctive verb form

Additionally, the following combined annotations can occur, e.g. “P+D” for a preposition with a determiner like aux. The following list is ordered by the number of occurrences within the corpus:

• CLS+V
• CLS+CLO
• CS+CS
• CLS+CLO+V
• ADV+CLR+V+ADV
• DET+NC
• CLS+CLR
• CLS+CLR+V
• PRO+V
• P+NC
• CLR+V
• CLO+V
• DET+ADJ
• V+CLS
• CS+CLS
• P+PRO
• ADV+V
• DET+DET
• DET+PRO
• CLO+CLO
• P+VINF
• CLS+CLO+P
• P+ADJ
• CLS+VS
• CLS+CLO+CLO
• CLR+VINF
• CLS+NC
• CLS+DET
• PROWH+V+CLS+CS
• ADV+ADV+ADV
• NPP+V
• CLS+CLR+CLO
• DET+VPP
• ADV+ADV+CS
• ET+CLO+V
• ADV+VPP
• ADV+VINF
• CLS+P
• P+VPP
• CLS+VPP
• CLR+NC
• ET+CLO

Swiss German dialect

A small part of the Swiss German dialectal data has been manually normalized and annotated for Part of Speech. The according corpus is called WUS_DIALOG_GSW. Three annotations have been added to each token:

• gloss: The manual normalization
• tt_pos: Part of Speech annotation with TreeTagger based on the manually normalized tokens, i.e. "gloss".
• tt_lem: The lemma as assigned by TreeTagger

The tagset uses the following tags:

• ADJA attributive adjective (including participles used adjectivally) das große Haus die versunkene Glocke
• ADJD predicate adjective; adjective used adverbially der Vogel ist blau er fährt schnell
• ADV adverb (never used as attributive adjective) sie kommt bald
• APPR preposition left hand part of double preposition auf dem Tisch an der Straße entlang
• APPRART preposition with fused article am Tag
• APPO postposition meiner Meinung nach
• APZR right hand part of double preposition an der Straße entlang
• ART article (definite or indefinite) die Tante; eine Tante
• CARD cardinal number (words or figures); also declined zwei; 526; dreier
• FM foreign words (actual part of speech in original language may be appended, e.g. FMADV/ FM-NN) semper fidem
• ITJ interjection Ach!
• KON co-ordinating conjunction oder ich bezahle nicht
• KOKOM comparative conjunction or particle er arbeitet als Straßenfeger, so gut wie du
• KOUI preposition used to introduce infinitive clause um den König zu töten
• KOUS subordinating conjunction weil er sie gesehen hat
• NA adjective used as noun der Gesandte
• NE names and other proper nouns Moskau
• NN noun (but not adjectives used as nouns) der Abend
• PAV [PROAV] pronominal adverb sie spielt damit
• PAVREL pronominal adverb used as relative die Puppe, damit sie spielt
• PDAT demonstrative determiner dieser Mann war schlecht
• PDS demonstrative pronoun dieser war schlecht
• PIAT indefinite determiner (whether occurring on its own or in conjunction with another determiner) einige Wochen, viele solche Bemerkungen
• PIS indefinite pronoun sie hat viele gesehen
• PPER personal pronoun sie liebt mich
• PRF reflexive pronoun ich wasche mich, sie wäscht sich
• PPOSS possessive pronoun das ist meins
• PPOSAT possessive determiner mein Buch, das ist der meine/meinige
• PRELAT relative depending on a noun der Mann, dessen Lied ich singe […], welchen Begriff ich nicht verstehe
• PRELS relative pronoun (i.e. forms of der or welcher) der Herr, der gerade kommt; der Herr, welcher nun kommt
• PTKA particle with adjective or adverb am besten, zu schnell, aufs herzlichste
• PTKANT answer particle ja, nein
• PTKNEG negative particle nicht
• PTKREL indeclinable relative particle so
• PTKVZ separable prefix sie kommt an
• PTKZU infinitive particle zu
• PWS interrogative pronoun wer kommt?
• PWAT interrogative determiner welche Farbe?
• PWAV interrogative adverb wann kommst du?
• PWAVREL interrogative adverb used as relative der Zaun, worüber sie springt
• PWREL interrogative pronoun used as relative etwas, was er sieht
• TRUNC truncated form of compound Vor- und Nachteile
• VAFIN finite auxiliary verb sie ist gekommen
• VAIMP imperative of auxiliary sei still!
• VAINF infinitive of auxiliary er wird es gesehen haben
• VAPP past participle of auxiliary sie ist es gewesen
• VMFIN finite modal verb sie will kommen
• VMINF infinitive of modal er hat es sehen müssen
• VMPP past participle of auxiliary sie hat es gekonnt
• VVFIN finite full verb sie ist gekommen
• VVIMP imperative of full verb bleibt da!
• VVINF infinitive of full verb er wird es sehen
• VVIZU infinitive with incorporated zu sie versprach aufzuhören
• VVPP past participle of full verb sie ist gekommen

As in the French corpus, there are also combined tags such as VAFIN+PPER when a personal pronoun is agglutinated to a verb (hätti for 'hätte ich').

Italian

The Italian corpus is annotated with the TreeTagger, too, but based on the original tokens, i.e. not manually normalized. In this sub-corpus, however, only some parts were manually normalized resulting in the following three annotations:

• gloss: The manual normalization (often _UNGLOSSED_)
• tt_pos: Part of Speech annotation with TreeTagger
• tt_lem: The lemma as assigned by TreeTagger

The following PoS tagset was used:

• ABR abbreviation
• ADJ adjective
• ADV adverb
• CON conjunction
• DET:def definite article
• DET:indef indefinite article
• FW foreign word
• INT interjection
• LS list symbol
• NOM noun
• NPR name
• NUM numeral
• PON punctuation
• PRE preposition
• PRE:det preposition+article
• PRO pronoun
• PRO:demo demonstrative pronoun
• PRO:indef indefinite pronoun
• PRO:inter interrogative pronoun
• PRO:pers personal pronoun
• PRO:poss possessive pronoun
• PRO:refl reflexive pronoun
• PRO:rela relative pronoun
• SENT sentence marker
• SYM symbol
• VER:cimp verb conjunctive imperfect
• VER:cond verb conditional
• VER:cpre verb conjunctive present
• VER:futu verb future tense
• VER:geru verb gerund
• VER:impe verb imperative
• VER:impf verb imperfect
• VER:infi verb infinitive
• VER:pper verb participle perfect
• VER:ppre verb participle present
• VER:pres verb present
• VER:refl:infi verb reflexive infinitive
• VER:remo verb simple past